trusted platform module (TPM)

A trusted platform module (TPM) is a specialized chip that can be installed on the motherboard of a personal computer for the purpose of hardware authentication . The TPM authenticates the computer in question rather than the user. To do so, TPM stores information specific to the host system, such as encryption keys, digital certificate s and password s.

TPM minimizes the risk that data on the computer will be compromised by physical theft or an attack by an external hacker . Hardware protection is inherently less vulnerable to software-based attacks and authentication processes are conducted through a secure subsystem. The device also enhances the security of Web browser s, email programs and other important applications.

TPM chips are available from a number of vendors, including Atmel, Broadcom, Infineon, Sinosun, STMicroelectronics and Winbond. TPM could, potentially, be used on any type of computing device. The devices are currently being installed on desktops, laptops and tablet PCs by most major manufacturers. TPM can be used with any major operating system and works best in conjunction with other security technologies such as firewall s, antivirus software , smart card s and biometric verification . The Trusted Computing Group is currently working on specifications for TPM chips for installation in peripheral s and external storage devices.

The term TPM is sometimes used in reference to the set of specifications applicable to TPM chips.