electronic logging device (ELD)

An electronic logging device (ELD) is electronic hardware used to record the working hours of a commercially-operated motor vehicle. In many countries, ELDs have replaced paper logs as well as electronic on-board recorders (EOBR), which lacked standardization. The data logged by an ELD typically includes: when the engine is running, the duration of operation, when the vehicle is in motion and the number of miles driven. This is data is stored in a standardized format that simplifies upload and review by companies or law enforcement officials.

ELDs are commonly used to record the authorized use of commercial vehicles, prevent employees from using vehicles for personal use and restrict time in operation to the allowed hours of service (HOS). The use of ELDs helps ensure compliance with HOS legislation and reduce accidents caused by driver fatigue. Companies may also use real-time locations systems (RTLS) or automatic vehicle locators (AVL) to ensure compliance with company policy and HOS legislation.

In the United States, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) added the ELD rules to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs). The FMCSA mandated a gradual phase-in with a compliance date of December 18, 2017 for the installation date of ELDs and December 2019 for compliance with regulations.