IT Management

Compliance, risk and governance

This glossary contains definitions related to compliance. Some definitions explain the meaning of words used in compliance regulations. Other definitions are related to the strategies that compliance officers use to mitigate risk and create a manageable compliance infrastructure.

• freedom of expression

  Freedom of expression is the right of individuals and organizations to exchange information without fear of repercussion or censorship.

• First Amendment to the Constitution

  The First Amendment to the United States Constitution is one of a group of ten additions to the original document that provided a framework for law within the country.

• chilling effect

  The chilling effect is the suppression of free speech and legitimate forms of dissent among a population because of fear of repercussion.

CRM

Terms related to customer relationship management (CRM), including definitions about call centers and contact centers.

• Cold Calling

  Cold calling is the business practice of reaching out to a potential customer or client who has not opted into a contact list with the desire to generate a sale or secure support.

• next issue avoidance (NIA)

  Next issue avoidance (NIA) is a metric used by a company's support or customer service department to stay proactive when helping their customers by predicting related issues that might arise.

• Barnum effect (Forer effect)

  The Barnum effect is the tendency for an individual to personalize a generalization that could apply to anyone. It is a type of cognitive bias that was characterized by psychologist Bertram Forer as being a logical fallacy of personal validation.

ERP

Terms related to business, including definitions about project management and words and phrases about human resources, finance and vertical industries.

• days inventory outstanding (DIO)

  Days inventory outstanding (DOI) is the average number of days it takes for inventory to be sold. DOI is also known as inventory days of supply or days in inventory.

• actionable intelligence

  Actionable intelligence is information that can be followed up on, with the further implication that a strategic plan should be undertaken to make positive use of the information gathered.

• content services platform

  A content services platform is cloud-based SaaS software that enables users to create, share, collaborate on and store text, audio and video content.

Government IT

Terms related to government IT, including definitions about specific federal, state and local government programs as well as words and phrases about policy and compliance.

• Department of Space (India)

  The Department of Space (DoS) is a department created by the Indian government to manage their space program and oversee a number of related agencies and institutes.

• Space Force (United States Space Force)

  Space Force is a proposed branch of the United States Armed Forces. In June 2018, President Trump announced plans for a Space Force to complement the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines and Coast Guard and defend the United States and its orbital assets from attack.

• G-Cloud (Government Cloud)

  Government Cloud, also referred to as G-Cloud, is a U.K. government program to promote government-wide adoption of cloud computing.

Healthcare IT

Terms related to healthcare IT, including definitions about healthcare information and management systems and words and phrases about electronic health records, meaningful use, government regulations and medical technology.

• ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision)

  The International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edition (ICD-10), is a clinical cataloging system that went into effect for the U.S. healthcare industry on Oct. 1, 2015, after a series of lengthy delays.

• telemedicine

  Telemedicine is the remote delivery of healthcare services, such as health assessments or consultations, over the telecommunications infrastructure.

• good automated manufacturing practice (GAMP)

  Good automated manufacturing practice (GAMP) is a set of guidelines manufacturers and other automation users follow to maintain operational efficiency and reliability.

HR management

• employee onboarding and offboarding

  Employee onboarding and offboarding are two core HR activities that are gaining in importance.

• 360 review

  A 360 review, or 360-degree review, is a feedback collection process aimed at helping employees at all levels obtain responses from various parts of an organization in order to develop and sharpen their professional skills.

• FIRE (Financial Independence, Retire Early)

  FIRE (Financial Independence, Retire Early) is a lifestyle, also referred to as a movement, aimed at reducing expenditures and increasing investing in order to quickly gain financial independence and the possibility of retirement at an early age.

IT procurement

Terms related to the activities and procedures necessary to acquire information technology (IT) products and services.

• procure to pay (P2P)

  Procure to pay is the process of requisitioning, purchasing, receiving, paying for and accounting for goods and services.

• Alibaba Holding Group Limited

  Alibaba Group Holding Limited is a Chinese business conglomerate that runs the world’s largest retailer and one of the largest online e-commerce sites in the world, Alibaba.com.

• automotive IT

  Automotive IT is any hardware or software designed to augment and support the experience of operating a motor vehicle.

Network management

Terms related to managing computer networks, including definitions about LANS or WANS and words and phrases about network design, troubleshooting, security and backups.

• network analytics

  Network analytics is the application of big data principles and tools to the management and security of data networks.

• performance testing

  Performance testing is the process of determining the speed, responsiveness and stability of a computer, network, software program or device under a workload.

• log analytics

  Log analytics is the assessment of a recorded set of information from one or more events, captured from a computer, network, application operating system (OS) or other IT ecosystem component.

Project management

Terms related to project management, including definitions about project management methodologies and tools.

• actionable intelligence

  Actionable intelligence is information that can be followed up on, with the further implication that a strategic plan should be undertaken to make positive use of the information gathered.

• continuous integration (CI)

  Continuous integration (CI) is a software engineering practice in which frequent, isolated changes are immediately tested and reported on when they are added to a larger code base.

• Decision Model and Notation (DMN)

  Decision Model and Notation (DMN) is a formalized method of making and mapping out decisions through official business processes.

Security management

Terms related to security management, including definitions about intrusion detection systems (IDS) and words and phrases about asset management, security policies, security monitoring, authorization and authentication.

• role-based access control (RBAC)

  Role-based access control (RBAC) is a method of restricting network access based on the roles of individual users within an enterprise.

• cryptography

  Cryptography is a method of protecting information and communications through the use of codes so that only those for whom the information is intended can read and process it.

• employee onboarding and offboarding

  Employee onboarding and offboarding are two core HR activities that are gaining in importance.

SEO

Definitions related to search engine optimization, including definitions about SEO and words and phrases about bots, spiders, organic traffic and all areas of search engine marketing (SEM).

• search engine

  A search engine is a program that gathers information (web pages) in a database and provides relevant results to user keyword queries.

• voice SEO

  Voice SEO is the optimization of keywords and keyword phrases for searches through voice assistants.

• listicle

  A listicle is an index whose point items are supplemented with additional related commentary. The term is a portmanteau of the words list and article.

Software asset management

Terms related to software management, including definitions about licensing and words and phrases about software lifecycle management and software asset management.

• application

  An application, also referred to as an application program or application software, is a computer software package that performs a specific function directly for an end user or, in some cases, for another application.

• log analytics

  Log analytics is the assessment of a recorded set of information from one or more events, captured from a computer, network, application operating system (OS) or other IT ecosystem component.

• 12 factor app (twelve-factor app)

  Twelve-factor app is a methodology for building distributed applications that run in the cloud and are delivered as a service. The approach was developed by Adam Wiggins, the co-founder of Heroku, a platform-as-a-service which is now part of Salesforce.com.

Storage management

Terms related to data storage management, including definitions about enterprise storage and words and phrases about storage infrastructure, storage capacity and hierarchical storage management (HSM).

• Pure Storage

  Pure Storage is a provider of enterprise data flash storage solutions designed to substitute for electromechanical disk arrays.

• yobibyte (YiB)

  A yobibyte (YiB) is a unit of measure used to describe data capacity as part of the binary system of measuring computing and storage capacity.

• RAID 0 (disk striping)

  RAID 0 (disk striping) is the process of dividing a body of data into blocks and spreading the data blocks across multiple storage devices, such as hard disks or solid-state drives (SSDs), in a redundant array of independent disks (RAID) group.