IT Management

Career paths and IT certifications

• citizen data scientist

  A citizen data scientist is any individual who contributes to the research of a complex data initiative but who does not have a formal educational background in data analytics (DA) or business intelligence (BI).

• full-stack developer

  A full-stack developer is a type of programmer that has a functional knowledge of all techniques, languages and systems engineering concepts required in software development.

• Marketo Certified Associate

  A Marketo Certified Associate (MCA) is a person certified by Marketo to have the necessary skills to set up basic email marketing initiatives and report on program success.

Compliance, risk and governance

This glossary contains definitions related to compliance. Some definitions explain the meaning of words used in compliance regulations. Other definitions are related to the strategies that compliance officers use to mitigate risk and create a manageable compliance infrastructure.

• confidentiality

  Confidentiality is a set of rules or a promise that limits access or places restrictions on certain types of information.

• GAFA (the Big Four)

  GAFA is an acronym for Google, Apple, Facebook and Amazon (the second and fourth companies are sometimes reversed in order).

• data breach

  A data breach is a confirmed incident in which sensitive, confidential or otherwise protected data has been accessed and/or disclosed in an unauthorized fashion.

CRM

The goal of customer experience management (CEM) is to optimize customer satisfaction at each touchpoint of the customer journey. Definitions in this glossary include terms about marketing and creating a customer-centric view of business, the use of AI and RPA in martech, capturing and analyzing customer feedback and contact center automation.

• TAM SAM SOM

  TAM SAM SOM is a set of acronyms used to quantify the business opportunity for a brand in a given market.

• market basket analysis

  Market basket analysis is a data mining technique used by retailers to increase sales by better understanding customer purchasing patterns.

• live chat (live support)

  Live chat (live support) provides the means to engage with users, as they’re actively visiting an organization’s owned media properties. Live chat is also used by existing customers, who can present questions that need answers or issues that need resolution.

ERP

Terms related to business, including definitions about project management and words and phrases about human resources, finance and vertical industries.

• hardware-as-a-service (in managed services)

  Hardware-as-a-service (HaaS) is a procurement model that is similar to leasing or licensing in which hardware that belongs to a managed service provider (MSP) is installed at a customer's site and a service level agreement (SLA) defines the responsibilities of both parties.

• employee life cycle

  Employee life cycle -- sometimes spelled as employee lifecycle -- is an HR model that identifies the different stages a worker advances through in an organization and the role HR plays in optimizing that progress.

• systems development life cycle (SDLC)

  The systems development life cycle (SDLC) is a conceptual model used in project management that describes the stages involved in an information system development project, from an initial feasibility study through maintenance of the completed application.

Government IT

Terms related to government IT, including definitions about specific federal, state and local government programs as well as words and phrases about policy and compliance.

• Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

  The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is an independent agency of the United States (U.S.) federal government that preserves public confidence in the banking system by insuring deposits... (Continued)

• cyberwarfare

  Cyberwarfare is computer- or network-based conflict involving politically motivated attacks by a nation-state on another nation-state.

• COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language)

  COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) is a high-level programming language for business applications.

Healthcare IT

Terms related to healthcare IT, including definitions about healthcare information and management systems and words and phrases about electronic health records, meaningful use, government regulations and medical technology.

• data breach

  A data breach is a confirmed incident in which sensitive, confidential or otherwise protected data has been accessed and/or disclosed in an unauthorized fashion.

• Regional Health Information Organization (RHIO)

  A Regional Health Information Organization (RHIO) is a group of organizations within a specific area that share healthcare-related information electronically according to accepted healthcare information technology (HIT) standards.

• motion analysis

  Motion analysis is a measuring technique used in computer vision, image processing and high-speed photography applications to detect movement.

HR management

• employee life cycle

  Employee life cycle -- sometimes spelled as employee lifecycle -- is an HR model that identifies the different stages a worker advances through in an organization and the role HR plays in optimizing that progress.

• Center for Humane Technology

  The Center for Humane Technology (CHT) is an organization dedicated to mitigating the negative effects of digital technology, which they refer to as human downgrading.

• employee vetting

  Employee vetting is a screening process conducted by employers for checking the background and verifying the information of a new hire or applicant.

IT procurement

Terms related to the activities and procedures necessary to acquire information technology (IT) products and services.

• managed service provider (MSP)

  A managed service provider (MSP) is a company that remotely manages a customer's IT infrastructure and/or end-user systems, typically on a proactive basis and under a subscription model.

• business impact analysis (BIA)

  Business impact analysis (BIA) is a systematic process to determine and evaluate the potential effects of an interruption to critical business operations as a result of a disaster, accident or emergency.

• service level indicator

  A service level indicator (SLI) is a carefully defined measure of performance within a provided service that is given to a customer by the vendor.

Network management

Terms related to managing computer networks, including definitions about LANS or WANS and words and phrases about network design, troubleshooting, security and backups.

• network virtualization

  Network virtualization is a method of combining the available resources in a network to consolidate multiple physical networks, divide a network into segments or create software networks between virtual machines (VMs).

• data breach

  A data breach is a confirmed incident in which sensitive, confidential or otherwise protected data has been accessed and/or disclosed in an unauthorized fashion.

• Uptime Institute’s data center tier standards

  The Uptime Institute’s data center tier standards are a standardized methodology used to determine availability in a facility.

Project management

Terms related to project management, including definitions about project management methodologies and tools.

• class diagram

  A class diagram is an illustration of the relationships and source code dependencies among classes in the Unified Modeling Language (UML).

• state diagram (state machine diagram or statechart diagram)

  A state diagram, also known as a state machine diagram or statechart diagram, is an illustration of the states an object can attain as well as the transitions between those states in the Unified Modeling Language (UML).

• vision statement

  A vision statement is an organization's declaration of its mid-term and long-term goals, stating what they want to become in the future. Vision statements act as a goal for a company to strive toward.

Security management

Terms related to security management, including definitions about intrusion detection systems (IDS) and words and phrases about asset management, security policies, security monitoring, authorization and authentication.

• phishing

  Phishing is a form of fraud in which an attacker masquerades as a reputable entity or person in email or other communication channels.

• BlueKeep (CVE-2019-0708)

  BlueKeep (CVE-2019-0708) is a vulnerability in the Remote Desktop (RDP) protocol that affects Windows 7, Windows XP, Server 2003 and 2008.

• facial recognition

  Facial recognition is a category of biometric software that maps an individual's facial features mathematically and stores the data as a faceprint.

SEO

Definitions related to search engine optimization, including definitions about SEO and words and phrases about bots, spiders, organic traffic and all areas of search engine marketing (SEM).

• microdata

  Microdata is a type of specification language that is embedded within HTML content to improve machine readability, annotate elements and analyze web pages.

• Click to Tweet

  Click to Tweet is a website that automatically generates links for users to share content through their own Twitter accounts.

• Google My Business

  Google My Business is a free online business listing service that is integrated with the Google search engine.

Software asset management

Terms related to software management, including definitions about licensing and words and phrases about software lifecycle management and software asset management.

• asset management

  Asset management is a financial service offered by professional firms for the holding, transferring, buying and selling of different types of cash and investments.

• product development (new product development - NPD)

  Product development, also called new product management, is a series of steps that includes the conceptualization, design, development and marketing of newly created or newly rebranded goods or services.

• Hadoop

  Hadoop is an open source distributed processing framework that manages data processing and storage for big data applications running in clustered systems.

Storage management

Terms related to data storage management, including definitions about enterprise storage and words and phrases about storage infrastructure, storage capacity and hierarchical storage management (HSM).

• disk mirroring (RAID 1)

  RAID 1 is one of the most common RAID levels and the most reliable. Data is written to two places simultaneously, so if one disk fails, the other can be used to retrieve data.

• RAID controller

  A RAID controller is a hardware device or software program used to manage hard disk drives (HDDs) or solid-state drives (SSDs) in a computer or storage array so they work as a logical unit.

• data center as a service (DCaaS)

  A data center as a service (DCaaS) provider will supply turnkey physical data center facilities and computing infrastructure (e.g., servers, networking, storage, and so on) to clients in the form of a service.