IT standards and organizations
Terms related to information technology (IT) standards, including definitions about IT organizations and words and phrases about policies and compliance.PRO - SWA
- Project Management Professional (PMP) - Project Management Professional (PMP) certification is a qualification program overseen by the Project Management Institute (PMI).
- project planning - Project planning is a discipline for stating how to complete a project within a certain timeframe, usually with defined stages, and with designated resources.
- public sector - The public sector is the segment of an economic system that is controlled by government; it contrasts with the private sector, which is run by private citizens.
- Purple Book - The Purple Book is the informal name for Philips and Sony's specification document for the double-density compact disk (DDCD) format.
- Q signaling (QSIG) - Q signaling (abbreviated QSIG), a protocol for Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) communications based on the Q.
- Q.931 - Q.931 (also called Q93 is a signaling protocol for Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) communications that is used in voice over IP (VoIP).
- Qi (Wireless Power Consortium) - Qi (pronounced CHEE) is a manufacturer-agnostic standard for wirelessly charging battery-powered devices.
- quality - In an information technology product or service, quality is sometimes defined as "meeting the requirements of the customer.
- quality assurance (QA) - Quality assurance (QA) is any systematic process of determining whether a product or service meets specified requirements.
- quality control (QC) - Quality control (QC) is a procedure or set of procedures intended to ensure that a manufactured product or performed service adheres to a defined set of quality criteria or meets the requirements of the client or customer.
- R-value - R-value is a number, or score, that is used to quantitatively express the subjective quality of speech in communications systems, especially digital networks that carry voice over IP (VoIP) traffic, or for which VoIP service is under consideration.
- radian - The radian is the Standard International (SI) unit of plane angular measure.
- radian per second (rad/s or rad/sec) - The radian per second (symbolized rad/s or rad/sec) is the Standard International (SI) unit of angular (rotational) speed.
- radian per second squared - The radian per second squared is the unit of angular (rotational) acceleration magnitude in the International System of Units (SI).
- radiant intensity - Radiant intensity is a quantitative expression of the brilliance of a source of electromagnetic (EM) energy over the entire electromagnetic spectrum.
- Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) - Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) is a society of radiologists and similar health scientists that seeks to encourage connections between colleagues and provide scientists with a platform for radiology education and research.
- RAID (redundant array of independent disks) - RAID (redundant array of independent disks) is a way of storing the same data in different places on multiple hard disks or solid-state drives to protect data in the case of a drive failure.
- RAND (reasonable and nondiscriminatory) - RAND, an abbreviation for reasonable and nondiscriminatory, is a phrase that ISO, the international standards group, and other groups use to describe terms to which a patent contributor to a standard must adhere.
- Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) - The Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) is an Internet protocol standard that specifies a way for programs to manage the real-time transmission of multimedia data over either unicast or multicast network services.
- reciprocal meter - The reciprocal meter is the standard unit of wave number for electromagnetic fields (EM fields).
- Red Book - The Red Book is the 1980 document that provides the specifications for the standard compact disc (CD) developed by Sony and Philips.
- registered port numbers - The registered port numbers are the port numbers that companies and other users register with the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) for use by the applications that communicate using the Internet's Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) or the User Datagram Protocol (UDP).
- registration authority (RA) - A registration authority (RA) is an authority in a network that verifies user requests for a digital certificate and tells the certificate authority (CA) to issue it.
- registration, admission, and status (RAS) - Registration, admission, and status (RAS) is a component of a network protocol that involves the addition of (or refusal to add) new authorized users, the admission of (or refusal to admit) authorized users based on available bandwidth, and the tracking of the status of all users.
- requirements stability index (RSI) - A requirement stability index (RSI) is a metric used to organize, control, and track changes to the originally specified requirements for a new system project or product.
- Resource Description Framework (RDF) - The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a general framework for how to describe any Internet resource such as a Web site and its content.
- RIAA (Recording Industry Association of America) - The RIAA (Recording Industry Association of America) is an organization that represents the music recording industry's intellectual property rights.
- RosettaNet - RosettaNet is an organization set up by leading information technology companies to define and implement a common set of standards for e-business.
- Routing Information Protocol (RIP) - Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance vector protocol that uses hop count as its primary metric.
- RSS - RSS is an XML-based vocabulary that specifies a means of sharing news headlines and other content between Web sites.
- S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) - S/PDIF (Sony/Philips Digital Interface) is a standard audio transfer file format.
- SAA (Systems Application Architecture) - Systems Application Architecture (SAA) was IBM's strategy for enterprise computing in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
- Sable - Sable is a set of markup codes and symbols that describes spoken text in text-to-speech (TTS) applications for voice-enabled Web browsers and voice enabled e-mail.
- SAE International - SAE International is a professional association and standards development organization for the engineering industry, with a special focus on transport sectors such as automotive, aerospace and commercial vehicles.
- Safe Harbor - Safe Harbor is the name of a policy agreement established between the United States Department of Commerce and the European Union in November 2000.
- Sapphire Now (SAP User Conference) - SAP Sapphire Now is an annual conference for users and partners of SAP, the global business systems software company.
- Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) - The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 is a federal law that established sweeping auditing and financial regulations for public companies.
- SAS 70 (Statement on Auditing Standards No. 70) - SAS 70 (Statement on Auditing Standards No.
- Scarlet Book - The Scarlet Book is Philips and Sony's 1999 specification document for Super Audio Compact Disc (SACD), a high-resolution audio format that features complex six-channel sound.
- scientific notation (power-of-10 notation) - Scientific notation, also called power-of-10 notation, is a method of writing extremely large and small numbers.
- Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) - SETI (the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) is a scientific effort to discover intelligent life elsewhere in the universe, primarily by attempting to discover radio signals that indicate intelligence.
- Section 508 - Section 508, an amendment to the United States Workforce Rehabilitation Act of 1973, is a federal law mandating that all electronic and information technology developed, procured, maintained, or used by the federal government be accessible to people with disabilities.
- Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) - The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is a U.
- security clearance - A security clearance is an authorization that allows access to information that would otherwise be forbidden.
- Semantic Web Agreement Group (SWAG) - The Semantic Web Agreement Group (SWAG) is an organization of interested parties working together to further the development of the Semantic Web (SW), a concept that might lead to a Web that was self-described in a way that would make it easier for programs to work with it.
- SeniorNet - SeniorNet is a non-profit organization that provides online education about technology and the Internet for people who are 50 or older.
- SequenceFile - A SequenceFile is a flat, binary file type that serves as a container for data to be used in Hadoop distributed compute projects.
- Serial Digital Interface (SDI) - Serial Digital Interface (SDI) is a standard for digital video transmission over coaxial cable.
- Serious Organized Crime Agency (SOCA) - The Serious Organized Crime Agency (SOCA) is a policing agency dedicated to the identification of criminal activity related to drug trafficking, money laundering, identity theft and immigration.
- Server Message Block Protocol (SMB protocol) - The Server Message Block Protocol (SMB protocol) is a client-server communication protocol used for sharing access to files, printers, serial ports and other resources on a network.
- Service Location Protocol (SLP) - The Service Location Protocol (SLP) is a protocol or method of organizing and locating the resources (such as printers, disk drives, databases, e-mail directories, and schedulers) in a network.
- session - In telecommunication, a session is a series of interactions between two communication end points that occur during the span of a single connection.
- Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) - Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a signaling protocol used for initiating, maintaining, modifying and terminating real-time sessions that involve video, voice, messaging and other communications applications and services between two or more endpoints on IP networks.
- seven wastes - The seven wastes are categories of unproductive manufacturing practices identified by Taiichi Ohno, the father of the Toyota Production System (TPS).
- SGI (Silicon Graphics) - SGI (Silicon Graphics) is a leading manufacturer of high-performance computing, data management, and visualization products.
- SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) - SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) is a standard for how to specify a document markup language or tag set.
- Shannon's Law - Shannon's Law, formulated by Claude Shannon, a mathematician who helped build the foundations for the modern computer, is a statement in information theory that expresses the maximum possible data speed that can be obtained in a data channel.
- Shareable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) - Shareable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) is an XML-based framework used to define and access information about learning objects so they can be easily shared among different learning management systems (LMSs).
- siemens (mho) - (Siemens AG is a German company engaged in electrical engineering and electronics.
- SIG (Special Interest Groups) - The Association of Computing Machinery (ACM), an international scientific and industrial computer society, carries on most of its activities through its members' SIGs (Special Interest Groups).
- Signalling Connection Control Part (SCCP) - Signalling Connection Control Part (SCCP) is a portion of International Telecommunication Union (ITU) recommendation Q.
- Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) - Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is an application-layer protocol used to manage and monitor network devices and their functions.
- Single UNIX Specification - The Single UNIX Specification is an industry standard description of the C language program and user command interfaces for a standard Unix operating system.
- Six Sigma - Six Sigma is an approach to data-driven management that seeks to improve quality by measuring how many defects there are in a process and systematically eliminating them until there are as close to zero defects as possible.
- Skinny Client Control Protocol (SCCP) - Skinny Client Control Protocol (SCCP) is a Cisco proprietary standard for terminal control for use with voice over IP (VoIP).
- slowness movement - The slowness movement is a grassroots reaction to the hectic pace, overwork, and lack of leisure typical of modern life.
- small-unit metric system or centimeter-gram-second (cgs) system of units - The small-unit metric system (or more formally, the centimeter-gram-second (cgs) system of units) is based on three fundamental units: the centimeter (cm), which quantifies displacement, the gram (g), which quantifies mass, and the second (s or sec), which quantifies time.
- SMB (small and medium-sized business or small and midsized business) - SMB is an abbreviation for small and medium-sized business, sometimes seen as small and midsized business.
- SMBXML (Small Business Extensible Markup Language) - SMBXML (Small Business Extensible Markup Language) is an open, XML-based standard, designed especially for use by small and medium-sized businesses, that describes a data exchange format for use in common business applications.
- SMI-S (Storage Management Initiative Specification) - SMI-S (Storage Management Initiative Specification) is a standard developed by the Storage Network Industry Association (SNIA) that is intended to facilitate the management of storage devices from multiple vendors in storage area networks (SANs).
- SMPTE (Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) - SMPTE (Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers) is a professional association for enhancing the profession and contributing to the technology of motion picture and television engineering.
- SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) - SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol), which is based in Extensible Markup Language (XML), facilitates communication between application and operating systems.
- solid - A solid is a sample of matter that retains its shape and density when not confined.
- solid angular measure - Solid angular measure is a quantitative expression for the flare angle at the apex of a cone.
- specific gravity - The term specific gravity, symbolized sp gr, refers to the ratio of the density of a solid or liquid to the density of water at 4 degrees Celsius.
- specific volume - Specific volume is a property of materials, defined as the number of cubic meters occupied by one kilogram of a particular substance.
- speed of gravity - The speed of gravity is the rate, in meters per second or other standard units, at which gravitational fields or effects propagate through space.
- speed of light - The speed of light in free space (that is, in a vacuum) is a constant that has been measured to considerable accuracy.
- speed of sound - The speed of sound, or of acoustic traveling waves, is a physical constant for any given medium at a specific pressure and temperature.
- square meter (meter squared) - The square meter, also called the meter squared, is the Standard International (SI) unit of area.
- standard - A standard is a generally agreed-upon technology, method or format for a given application.
- standard definition television (SDTV) - Standard definition television (SDTV) is a digital television (DTV) format that provides a picture quality similar to digital versatile disk (DVD).
- Standard Industrial Classification Code - The Standard Industrial Classification Code is a category within the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) system, which was established to classify all industries in the US economy.
- standard temperature and pressure (STP) - Standard temperature and pressure, abbreviated STP, refers to nominal conditions in the atmosphere at sea level.
- standards organization - A standards organization, sometimes referred to as a standards body, is an organization with authority to endorse official standards for given applications.
- statampere (statA or A-esu) - The statampere (abbreviated statA or A-esu) is the unit of electric current in the cgs (centimeter/gram/second) system of electrostatic units (esu).
- statcoulomb (statC) - The statcoulomb (abbreviated statC) is the unit of electric charge quantity in the cgs (centimeter/gram/second) system.
- statfarad (statF) - The statfarad (abbreviated statF) is the unit of capacitance in the cgs (centimeter/gram/second) or small-unit metric system.
- stathenry (statH) - The stathenry (abbreviated statH) is the unit of inductance in the cgs (centimeter/gram/second) or small-unit metric system.
- statistical mean, median, mode and range - Calculating the mean, median, mode and range of a set of numbers allows you to track changes over time and set acceptable ranges and variance.
- statohm (stat W) - The statohm (symbolized stat W) is the unit of resistance in the cgs (centimeter/gram/second) electrostatic system of units.
- statsiemens (statS) - The statsiemens (symbolized statS) is the unit of conductance in the cgs (centimeter/gram/second) electrostatic system of units.
- statvolt (statV) - The statvolt (symbolized statV) is the unit of electromotive force (EMF) or potential difference in the cgs (centimeter/gram/second) electrostatic system.
- statwatt (statW) - The statwatt (symbolized statW) is the unit of power in the cgs (centimeter/gram/second) electrostatic system.
- Stefan-Boltzmann constant - The Stefan-Boltzmann constant, symbolized by the lowercase Greek letter sigma (), is a physical constant involving black body radiation.
- steradian - The steradian (symbolized sr) is the Standard International (SI) unit of solid angular measure.
- Storage Networking Industry Association - The Storage Networking Industry Association, also known as SNIA, is a nonprofit trade group that promotes standards and technologies for the storage industry and offers education services, technical work groups and certifications for IT professionals.
- Strunk's rules - Here is a list of the seven elementary rules of English usage and 11 elementary principles of composition from William Strunk, Jr.
- Sun Microsystems - Sun Microsystems (often just called "Sun"), the leading company in computers used as Web servers, also makes servers designed for use as engineering workstations, data storage products, and related software.
- SWAN (state wide area network) - In India, SWAN is a government-subsidized project to create a state wide area network (WAN) that will improve government efficiency.